Many of the taxa presented in the Atlas originated from personal gathering or collections and from known world diatom collections, often are types. The common recent taxa and their morphological variability is shown in LM as well in SEM. The authors aimed to consider often misinterpreted taxa or those usually neglected in contemporary literature in order to help field workers and those who deal with fossil diatoms. Also, where necessary, the taxa converted into general used old names. To clean possible taxonomic or nomenclatoric confusion, several new combinations are suggested, including one new species.